Bacterial community structures and relative abundances were measured in fecal samples by sequencing the bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA gene. Fecal samples were collected and behavioral testing was performed over the study period. Fecal transplant gavages (FTGs) from aged (18–20 months) or young (2–3 months) male C57BL/6 mice into germ-free male C57BL/6 mice (N = 11 per group) were initiated at ~3 months of age. We tested the hypothesis that the aged gut microbiome alone is sufficient to decrease SCFAs in the host and produce cognitive decline. SCFAs are significant in that they are protective to the gut and other organs. Aging is associated with cognitive decline and decreased concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in the gut.
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